NOTES ON PHILIP DAVIS'S GAZETTEERS OF MEDIEVAL FORTIFICATIONS.

Information last update 25 February 2013.

The information in these gazetteers is almost entirely derived from published (including online) sources and represents little fieldwork on my part (It does, however, represent years of other research). This gazetteer is freely provided be me to assist those who study medieval fortifications and can be used and altered as required. However, it should be noted that a considerable amount of this gazetteer is derived from information compiled by and/or for copyright of English Heritage, The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historic Monuments of Wales, various other organisations and individuals under the general principle of fair use. These gazetteers are provided for personal study and any commerical use of the information in these gazetteers will require the permission of the numerous copyright holders.

The Gazetteer can be converted into a database. There are several fields for each entry as below although the nature of the fields can also be derived from study of the website, in particular the help page will give details of how I am classifying the type of fortification. The gazetteers are provided in three formats; The FileMaker Pro format has the most layout informating and is a true database. The tab delimited database is the pure data and should be transferable into any database program although a fair amount of formating work will need to be done to make it useable. The Excel database also loses the formating and has no advantages from the tab delimited version except, perhaps, being somewhat easier to import into an Excel spreadsheet.

The databases are used by me both for my own researches and as the bases for the Gatehouse website. Some fields in the database exist entirely to aid formating of webpages.

Because of the limitations of file transfers bibliographical details are given in a plain text version of the Harvard convention with some coding used to allow conversion of these databases into standard Harvard notation in the Gatehouse website. The form is usually - Author surname, Forename (usual just as intials), date, 'article or chapter title' _book title_ or _journal name_ (place of publication: publisher) Vol. # p. #. I use the abbreviation Vol. for volume. The abbreviation p. is used for page and pages; I have not used pp for pages as I feel this is unnecessary. Part is abbreviated as pt. – However, quite often the reference may be in the form Vol. 2.3 for volume 2 part 3.

Note that within the database the following coding is used. Text between _text_ (Space underscore text underscore space) is meant to be read as in italic. Text between *text* (startextstar) is meant to be read as in bold. Hyperlinks are between square brackets (except in some fields in the Licences to crenellate database). Where the form [text > url] is found this produces a hyperlink to the given text (ie Help > help.html] reads as Help in the website. Where in normal convention a square bracket would be used (such as comment inserted within a quotation) a curly bracket {} is used instead. Further details can be found in Fouth Wold WebMerge Help.

While I have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the data held within these gazetteers, it must be appreciated that much of this is compiled from secondary sources and that the information supplied may not be a full or reliable statement of the archaeological resource. I shall not be held liable in respect of any errors or omissions from the listing provided. (i.e. If you use this site for something important check the secondary sources that I give and then the sources they have used.)

Fields - Wales

1. Name
2. Alternative Names
3. Modern Authority
4. Historic County
5. Preserved County
6. Community
7. Map Ref (Landranger grid reference usually eight figure)
8. OS 6 figure Easting
9. OS 6 figure Northing
10. Type
11. Confidence1
12. Remains
13. Description
14. Web sites
15. Texts
16. Journals
17. Guidebooks
18. Unpublished reports and other sources
19. NPRN (RCAHMW database number)
20. SMRN (Local Archaeological Trust database monument number)
21. SAM (Status as Scheduled Ancient Monument)
22. Listing (Status as Listed Building)
23. UIN (Unique identification number for this database)
24. All names (a combination of the fields Name, Alternative Name and Community - useful for searching)
25. Primary (a primary historical source)
26. Antiquarian (references in antiquarian soucres such as Leland)
27. LTC (The date of the grant of a licence to crenellate)
28. LTC Confidence (Confidence regarding a citation to a licence to crenellate)
29. LTC Type (Type of licence to crenellate)
30. LTC Link (respective field refence to LTC database - serial2 field)
31. sixfig OS is the Landranger grid reference given to just six figures (used for mash up to air photo)
32. NMRN2 (Secondary RCAHMW database numbers)
33. SMRN2 (secondary HER numbers)
34. SMRNWeblink (link to either online monument record - usually the Archwillio site - or the webpage of the appropriate archaeological trust)
35. Latitude to five decimal places (NB. Decimal not minutes and seconds)
36. Longituge ditto
37. Palace type (either royal, bishop or other)
38. TimbCas Type The type of timber castle either motte, ringwork or other/unknown
39. Type2 secondary type classification
40. Type3 tertiary type classification
41. Confidence2 - confidence of Type2
42. Confidence3 - ditto
43. PalaceType2
44. PalaceType3
45. CastleFacts - Web link to CastleFacts photopage (kindly created by Andrew Herrett)
46. BestC - the highest rated confidence statement used for web formating.
47. Con - Warning used for web formating only not a statemant of confidence.
48. VF - used for web formating.

Fields - England

1. Name
2. Alternative Names
3. Modern Authority
4. Historic County
5. 1974 Authority
6. Civil Parish
7. Map Ref (Landranger grid reference)
8. Easting
9. Northing
10. Type
11. Confidence1
12. Remains
13. Description
14. Web sites
15. Texts
16. NMRN (PastScape Defra ELS Reference number
17. SMRN (Local Historic Environment or Sites and Monuments Record reference number)
18. SAM (Status as Scheduled Ancient Monument)
19. Listing (Status as Listed Building)
20. IOEN (Images of England Website number)
21. UIN (Unique identification number for this database)
22. Journals
23. Unpublished reports and other sources
24. Guidebooks
25. Primary (a primary historical source)
26. Antiquarian (references in antiquarian soucres such as Leland)
27. All names (a combination of the fields Name, Alternative Name and Civil parish - useful for searching)
28. LTC (The date of the grant of a licence to crenellate)
29. LTC Confidence (Confidence regarding a citation to a licence to crenellate)
30. LTC Type (Type of licence to crenellate)
31. LTC Link (respective field refence to LTC database - serial2 field)
• These four LTC field are repeated 3 more times to cover sites with multiple licences.
32. sixfig OS is the Landranger grid reference given to just six figures (used for mash up to air photo)
33. NMRN2 (secondary PastScape Defra ELS database numbers)
34. SMRN2 (secondary HER numbers)
35. SMRNWeblink (link to either online monument record - from various county databases or Heritage Gateway- or the webpage of the appropriate archaeological trust)
36. Palace type (either royal, bishop or other)
37. TimbCas Type The type of timber castle either motte, ringwork or other/unknown
38. Latitude to five decimal places (NB. Decimal not minutes and seconds)
39. Longituge ditto

(where a record gives the figure to only 4 decimal places this is an older Gatehouse record due for revision and the measure is likely to be inaccurate by a few 10s of meters.)

40. CastleFacts - Web link to CastleFacts photopage (kindly created by Andrew Herrett)
41. Type2 secondary type classification
42. Type3 tertiary type classification
43. Type4 ditto
44. PalaceType2
45. PalaceType3
46. Confidence2 - confidence of Type2
47. Confidence3 - ditto
48. Confidence4 - ditto
49. BestC - the highest rated confidence statement used for web formating.
50. NHLSMN The National Heritage List for England Number for scheduled monuments.
51. NHLLBN The National Heritage List for England Number for listed buildings.
52. NHLLBN2 secondary NHLLBN numbers.
53. NHLLBN3 tertiary NHLLBN numbers.
54. Con - Warning used for web formating only not a statemant of confidence.
55. VF - used for web formating.

Fields - The Islands

1. Name
2. Alternative Names
3. Civil Parish
4. Map Ref (Landranger grid reference - Not available for Channel Islands)
5. Northing
6. Easting
7. Type
8. Confidence
9. Remains
10. Description
11. Web sites
12. Texts
13. NMRN
14. SMRN
15. SAM (Status as Scheduled Ancient Monument)
16. Listing (Status as Listed Building)

• (NB. Heritage protection laws in the Islands are similar to but not identical with those in the UK.)

17. UIN (Unique identification number for this database)
18. Journals
19. Unpublished reports and other sources
20. Guidebooks
21. Isle of
22. Primary (a primary historical source)
23. Antiquarian (references in antiquarian soucres such as Leland)
24. LTC (The date of the grant of a licence to crenellate)
25. LTC Confidence (Confidence regarding a citation to a licence to crenellate)
26. LTC Type (Type of licence to crenellate)
27. LTC Link (respective field refence to LTC database - serial2 field)
28. SMRNWeblink (link to either online monument record - from various county databases or Heritage Gateway- or the webpage of the appropriate archaeological trust)
29. Latitude to five decimal places (Decimal rather than minutes and secords)
30. Longituge ditto
31. CastleFacts - Web link to CastleFacts photopage (kindly created by Andrew Herrett)
32. Type2 secondary type classification
33. Type3 tertiary type classification
34. Confidence2 - confidence of Type2
35. Confidence3 - ditto
36. sixfig OS is the Landranger grid reference given to just six figures (used for mash up to air photo)

Fields - Licences to Crenellate

1. Name of Applicant (as on the roll)
2. Alternative names of Applicant (modernised spellings etc)
3. Name of Place (as on the roll)
4. Modern Name of Place
5. County, if mentioned in licence
6. Date of licence
7. Granted by (name of king, or other grantee)
8. Type (Royal, Royal Pardon, Confirmation/inspeximus, Durham, Durham Pardon, Chester, Lancashire)
9. Wording (the wording on the charter or roll or the translation in the calendar of rolls etc.)
10. Original Source (Roll reference)
11. Later Source (Text source)
12. Comments
13. Site Link (UIN of place in fortification database)
14. Regnal Year
15. PRO (Yes/No I've checked the Public Record Office calendar of primary sources)
16. serial2 (a unique identifying number for each record - based on date to allow accurate date sorting
17. Grant by (The authority by which the great seal was added ie privy seal)
18. Granted at (The place of the Grant ie Westminster)
19. Rank of App (The social rank of the applicant ie knight)
20. confidence (confidence that the supposed document is a meaningful licence to crenellate (Certain, Revoked, Possible, Reject)
21. Site Type (Broad classification of the type of building - Private, Town house, Conventual, Urban, Other)
22. notes - usually blank
23. Reason - a menu of possible reasons for grants
24. Biographical comments - biography of applicant
25. Biographical sources - sources for biography
26. Biographical header - slightly extended version of applicant name often with dates of birth/death.
27. plural - a field just used for text formating in the template for the online version.