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Englissh in the town of Newenham

Also known as, or recorded in historical documents as;
Newnham Murren; English Farm

In the civil parish of Nuffield.
In the historic county of Oxfordshire.
Modern Authority of Oxfordshire.
1974 county of Oxfordshire.

OS Map Grid Reference: SU676859
Latitude 51.56972° Longitude -1.02458°

Englissh in the town of Newenham has been described as a probable Fortified Manor House.

There are cropmark/slight earthwork remains.
Description

Richard English was granted licence to crenellate a chamber in his manor of 'Englissh in the town of Newenham' in 1356. Emery places this at Newnham Murren near Crowmarsh Clifford. Richard English is associated with the Trinitarian Friary of Nuffield and Beneit English has a small monumental brass in Newnham Murren Church. The location may have been English Farm, south east of Nuffield, where there are suggestions of medieval earthworks and possible fish ponds.

The obtaining of a licence to crenellate was usually intended to gain prestige, although some form of building (new house or redevelopment of an old house, not necessarily a fortified house) was normally associated. The medieval remains at English Farm are slight and questionable. There was certainly a medieval house here but its form may have been quite modest and the shortage of labour in the 1350s, following the Black Death, may have tempered any building plans Richard English had.

A Royal licence to crenellate was granted in 1356 April 25 (Click on the date for details of this licence.).

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Sources of information, references and further reading

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The bibliography owes much to various bibliographies produced by John Kenyon for the Council for British Archaeology, the Castle Studies Group and others.
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Minor archaeological investigations, such as watching brief reports, and some other 'grey' literature is most likely to be held by H.E.R.s but is often poorly referenced and is unlikely to be recorded here, or elsewhere, but some suggestions can be found here.
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This record last updated on Friday, May 3, 2013
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